A JWT has the form header.payload.signature:
- The token is split on
.— exactly three parts are expected. - Each of the first two parts is Base64url-decoded (like Base64, but with
-and_instead of+and/, and padding often omitted) and parsed as JSON. - The header typically says
{"alg":"HS256","typ":"JWT"}; the payload carries the claims (sub,exp,iat, custom fields). - The
expclaim is a Unix timestamp in seconds — the tool compares it with the current time to flag expiry.
The signature part is displayed as opaque: verifying it requires the secret or public key, which a browser tool should never ask for.