The Mifflin-St Jeor equation (1990), validated against indirect calorimetry:
- Men: BMR = 10 × weight(kg) + 6.25 × height(cm) − 5 × age + 5
- Women: BMR = 10 × weight(kg) + 6.25 × height(cm) − 5 × age − 161
It outperforms the older Harris-Benedict equation for most modern adults, but it's still an estimate — individual metabolism varies with muscle mass, genetics and health conditions.